2018-041: part 2 of Kubernetes security insights w/ ian Coldwater

@IanColdwater  https://www.redteamsecure.com/ *new gig*

 

So many different moving parts

Plugins

Code

Hardware

 

She’s working on speaking schedule for 2019

 

How would I use these at home?

    https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/

 

Kubernetes - up and running

    https://www.amazon.com/Kubernetes-Running-Dive-Future-Infrastructure/dp/1491935677

 

General wikipedia article (with architecture diagram): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubernetes

 

https://twitter.com/alicegoldfuss - Alice Goldfuss

 

Derbycon Talk: http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page=videos/derbycon8/track-3-10-perfect-storm-taking-the-helm-of-kubernetes-ian-coldwater

 

Tesla mis-configured Kubes env:

 

From the talk: https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2018/02/tesla-cloud-resources-are-hacked-to-run-cryptocurrency-mining-malware/

 

Redlock report mentioned in Ars article:  https://redlock.io/blog/cryptojacking-tesla

 

Setup your own K8s environment: https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/pick-right-solution/#local-machine-solutions (many options to choose from)

 

Securing K8s implementations: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/securing-a-cluster/

 

https://github.com/aquasecurity/kube-hunter -

Threat Model
    What R U protecting?

    Who R U protecting from?

    What R your Adversary’s capabilities?

    What R your capabilities?

 

Defenders think in Lists

Attackers think in Graphs

 

What are some of the visible ports used in K8S?

    44134/tcp - Helmtiller, weave, calico

    10250/tcp - kubelet (kublet exploit)

        No authN, completely open

    10255/tcp - kublet port (read-only)

    4194/tcp - cAdvisor

    2379/tcp - etcd

        Etcd holds all the configs

        Config storage

 

Engineering workflow:

    Ephemeral -  

 

CVE for K8S subpath - https://kubernetes.io/blog/2018/04/04/fixing-subpath-volume-vulnerability/

 

Final points:

    Advice securing K8S is standard security advice

    Use Defense in Depth, and least Privilege

    Be aware of your attack surface

    Keep your threat model in mind

 

David Cybuck (questions from Slack channel)

 

My questions are: 1. Talk telemetry?  What is the best first step for having my containers or kubernetes report information?  (my overlords want metrics dashboards which lead to useful metrics).

 

2. How do you threat model your containers?  Has she ever or how would she begin to run a table-top exercise, a cross between a threat model and a disaster recovery walk through, for the container infrastructure?

 

3. Mitre Att&ck framework, there is a spin off for mobile.  Do we need one for Kube, swarm, or DC/OS?

Here is a new episode of Brakeing Down Security Podcast!

2018-040- Jarrod Frates discusses pentest processes

Jarrod Frates

Inguardians

@jarrodfrates

“Skittering Through Networks”

Ms. Berlin in Germany - How’d it go?

   

TinkerSec’s story:  https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1063423110513418240.html

 

Takeaways

Blue Team:

- Least Privilege Model

- Least Access Model

    “limited remote access to only a small number of IT personnel”

“This user didn't need Citrix, so her Citrix linked to NOTHING”

“They limited access EVEN TO LOCAL ADMINS!”

- Multi-Factor Authentication

- Simple Anomaly Rule Fires

    “Finance doesn’t use Powershell”

- Defense in Depth

    “moving from passwords to pass phrases…”

“Improper disposal of information assets”

 

Red Team:

- Keep Trying

- Never Assume

- Bring In Help

- Luck Favors the Prepared

- Adapt and Overcome

Before the Test

• Talk it over with stakeholders: Reasons, goals, schedules
• Report is the product: Get samples
• Who, what, when, where, why, how
• Talk to testers (and clients, if you can find them)
• • Ask questions
  • Look for past defensive experience and understanding of your needs
  • • Bonus points if they interview you as a client
  • Red flags: Pwning is all they talk about, they set no-crash guarantees, send info in the clear
• Define the scope: Test type(s), inclusions, exclusions, permissions, accounts
• Test in ‘test/dev’, NOT PROD
• Social Engineering: DO THIS. Yes, you’re vulnerable. DO IT ANYWAY.

 

During the Test

• Comms: Keep in contact with the testers
• • Status reports (if the engagement is long enough)
  • Have an established method for escalation
  • Have an open communication style --brbr (WeBrBrs)
• Ask questions, but let the testers do their jobs
• Be available and ready to address critical events
• Keep critical stakeholders informed
• Watch your network: things break, someone else may be getting in, capture packets(?)

 

After the Test

• Getting Results:
• • Report delivered securely
  • Initial summary: How far did they get?
  • Actual report
  • • Written for multiple levels
    • No obvious copy/paste
    • Read, understand, provide feedback, and get revised version
• Next steps:
• • Don’t blame anyone unnecessarily
  • Start planning with stakeholders on fixes
  • Contact vendors, educate staff
• Reacting to report
• Sabotaging your test
• Future testing

 

Ms. Berlin’s Legit business - Mental Health Hackers

 

CFP for Bsides Seattle (Deadline: 26 November 2018) http://www.securitybsides.com/w/page/129078930/BsidesSeattle2019

 

CFP for BsidesNash https://twitter.com/bsidesnash/status/1063084215749787649 Closes Dec 31

 

Teaching a class in Seattle for SANS (SEC504) - need some students! Reach out to me for more information. Looking to do this at the end of February through March

 

 

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Here is a new episode of Brakeing Down Security Podcast!

2018-039-Ian Coldwater, kubernetes, container security

Ian Coldwater-

@IanColdwater  https://www.redteamsecure.com/ *new gig*

 

So many different moving parts

Plugins

Code

Hardware

She’s working on speaking schedule for 2019

How would I use these at home?

    https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/

 

Kubernetes - up and running

    https://www.amazon.com/Kubernetes-Running-Dive-Future-Infrastructure/dp/1491935677

 

General wikipedia article (with architecture diagram): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubernetes

 

https://twitter.com/alicegoldfuss - Alice Goldfuss

 

Derbycon Talk: http://www.irongeek.com/i.php?page=videos/derbycon8/track-3-10-perfect-storm-taking-the-helm-of-kubernetes-ian-coldwater

 

Tesla mis-configured Kubes env:

 

From the talk: https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2018/02/tesla-cloud-resources-are-hacked-to-run-cryptocurrency-mining-malware/

 

Redlock report mentioned in Ars article:  https://redlock.io/blog/cryptojacking-tesla

 

Setup your own K8s environment: https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/pick-right-solution/#local-machine-solutions (many options to choose from)

 

Securing K8s implementations: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/securing-a-cluster/

 

https://github.com/aquasecurity/kube-hunter -

 

Threat Model
    What R U protecting?

    Who R U protecting from?

    What R your Adversary’s capabilities?

    What R your capabilities?

 

Defenders think in Lists

Attackers think in Graphs

 

What are some of the visible ports used in K8S?

    44134/tcp - Helmtiller, weave, calico

    10250/tcp - kubelet (kublet exploit)

        No authN, completely open

    10255/tcp - kublet port (read-only)

    4194/tcp - cAdvisor

    2379/tcp - etcd

        Etcd holds all the configs

        Config storage

 

Engineering workflow:

    Ephemeral -  

 

CVE for K8S subpath - https://kubernetes.io/blog/2018/04/04/fixing-subpath-volume-vulnerability/

 

Final points:

    Advice securing K8S is standard security advice

    Use Defense in Depth, and least Privilege

    Be aware of your attack surface

    Keep your threat model in mind

 

David Cybuck (questions from Slack channel)

 

My questions are: 1. Talk telemetry?  What is the best first step for having my containers or kubernetes report information?  (my overlords want metrics dashboards which lead to useful metrics).

 

2. How do you threat model your containers?  Has she ever or how would she begin to run a table-top exercise, a cross between a threat model and a disaster recovery walk through, for the container infrastructure?

 

3. Mitre Att&ck framework, there is a spin off for mobile.  Do we need one for Kube, swarm, or DC/OS?

 

heck out our Store on Teepub! https://brakesec.com/store

Join us on our #Slack Channel! Send a request to @brakesec on Twitter or email bds.podcast@gmail.com

#Brakesec Store!:https://www.teepublic.com/user/bdspodcast

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#RSS: https://brakesec.com/BrakesecRSS

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Comments, Questions, Feedback: bds.podcast@gmail.com

Support Brakeing Down Security Podcast by using our #Paypal: https://brakesec.com/PaypalBDS OR our #Patreon

https://brakesec.com/BDSPatreon

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Here is a new episode of Brakeing Down Security Podcast!

2018-038-InfosecSherpa, security culture,

@InfoSecSherpa - Tracy Z. Maleeff (surname is pronounced like “may-leaf.”)

 

I have two talks coming up:

• Empathy as a Service to Create a Culture of Security at the Cofense Submerge conference
• Deep Dive into Social Media as an OSINT Tool at the H-ISAC Fall Summit (Health Information Sharing and Analysis Center)

 

Since National Cyber Security Awareness Month just ended, I wanted to talk about things InfoSec pros can do to help educate others outside our community.

 

*Shameless Plug* My Nuzzel newsletters
https://nuzzel.com/InfoSecSherpa

https://nuzzel.com/InfoSecSherpa/cybersecurity-africa

News stories -

Biglaw Firm Hit With Cybersecurity Incident Earlier This Month (Published: 29 October 2018 | Source: Above the Law) → (Tracy) I wanted to include this story as a discussion of which industries are still in the dark about security issues. To me, it feels like the legal world is either in denial or super slow to adapt. I know from working at law firms for about 10 years, that the industry as a whole is slow to adapt to technology. I once said that law firms are as agile as trying to turn a cruise ship when it came to technology.

 

https://www.cio.com/article/3212829/cyber-attacks-espionage/hackers-are-aggressively-targeting-law-firms-data.html

Porn-Watching Employee Infected Government Networks With Russian Malware, IG Says (Published: 25 October 2018 | Source: Next Gov)

 

Check out our Store on Teepub! https://brakesec.com/store

Join us on our #Slack Channel! Send a request to @brakesec on Twitter or email bds.podcast@gmail.com

#Brakesec Store!:https://www.teepublic.com/user/bdspodcast

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Comments, Questions, Feedback: bds.podcast@gmail.com

Support Brakeing Down Security Podcast by using our #Paypal: https://brakesec.com/PaypalBDS OR our #Patreon

https://brakesec.com/BDSPatreon

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Here is a new episode of Brakeing Down Security Podcast!